激光脱附／电离飞行时间质谱法测定多环芳烃

采用激光脱附／电离飞行时间质谱技术测定了蒽、二苯并（ａ,ｈ）蒽,晕苯四种多环芳烃化合物在２６６ｎｍ激光作用下的“软”电离飞行时间质谱,对蒽、二苯并（ａ,ｈ）蒽、晕苯四种化合物进行的分析结果表明激光脱附／电离飞行时间质谱是一种简单、快速、高灵敏度分析多环芳烃化合物的方法,对晕苯,检出限可达１０＾１６ｍｏｌ。     

Monitoring and assessment of toxic metals in Gulf War oil spill contaminated soil using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied for the detection of toxic metals in oil spill contaminated soil (OSCS). The OSCS samples were collected from Khursania Saudi Arabia along the coast of Persian Gulf exposed to oil spills in 1991 Gulf war. Environmentally important elements like Aluminum Magnesium, Calcium, Chromium, Titanium, Strontium, Iron, Barium, Sodium, potassium, Zirconium and Vanadium from the contaminated soil have been detected. Optimal experimental conditions for analysis were investigated. The LIBS system was calibrated using standard samples containing these trace elements. The results obtained using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) were compared with the results obtained using Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy (ICP). The concentrations of some elements (Ba and Cr) were found higher than permissible safe limits. Health risks associated with exposure to such toxic elements are also discussed.     

激光的特性与职业危害

对激光的特性及对人体组织的损伤进行了描述,特别是对眼睛、皮肤、皮下组织及内部器官的危害及防护办法作了介绍。     

METEOR 360AC型多普勒雷达功能和风场反演UW技术简介

介绍了民航华东空中交通管理局气象中心引进的Gematronik公司多普勒天气雷达的主要产品及功能,并着重介绍了一种实用的单多普勒雷达0风场反演方法－UW（均匀风）技术。     

Long-term leaching of uranium from different waste matrices

A semi-dynamic leaching test was carried out for metallurgical wastes and ore samples from the uranium and copper mining industry over a 142 day period using distilled water and 0.1N NaNO(3) as solvents. Laser fluorimetry was used as the analytical technique to determine the total uranium content in the leachates. The cumulative leach fraction (CLF) of uranium release from the samples was calculated to be 0.22, 0.22, 0.07 and 0.39% for rock, uranium tailings, copper kinker ash samples and copper tailings respectively using distilled water as solvent and 0.31, 0.27, 0.05 and 0.59% for the same matrices using 0.1N NaNO(3). The release of mobile uranium fraction was very slow, being faster in the initial stage and then attained a near steady state condition. The diffusion coefficient and bulk release of uranium from the samples have been calculated. The processes governing the release of uranium from these matrices have been identified to be surface wash-off and diffusion. Hence the use of weak solvents (leach out the mobile/exchangeable fraction of uranium) under semi-dynamic conditions aids the determination of leaching parameters and identification of the leaching mechanism for mobile uranium fraction from different matrices by slow leaching processes.     

煤矿开采沉陷监测——基于合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量的研究

采矿引起地面沉陷是矿区经常发生的一种破坏性灾害.作为空间对地观测技术的一个重要分支--合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术,可以实现高精度大范围的矿区开采沉陷监测,越来越受到人们的重视.采用"两轨法"差分干涉测量技术对矿区开采沉陷监测进行了试验研究,提取了垂直形变图,分析了试验区开采沉陷随时间变化的规律,并对沉陷区作了剖线分析.     

超材料复合吸波体的设计与研制

目的研制一种比传统吸波材料雷达波衰减更强、合格频带更宽的新型吸波材料。方法设计超材料谐振单元图案及其组合排列方式,采用丝网印刷工艺在介质基板上制作超材料吸波体,与传统吸波材料复合形成超材料复合吸波体。通过对比分析不同介质基板、谐振单元图案及组合方式、导电炭黑含量对复合吸波体的性能影响规律。结果超材料复合吸波体能实现比传统吸波材料,在12～17 GHz峰值反射率最大降低-20 dB;在2～18 GHz反射率低于-20 dB的带宽拓展17.7%。结论新研制的超材料复合吸波体实现了峰值衰减更强与合格带宽拓宽的研究目的,对未来吸波材料的发展极具研究价值与方向指引。     

超材料在舰船电磁环境控制中的应用探索

首先阐述了国内外水面舰船电磁干扰控制技术和雷达波隐身技术的发展现状,然后介绍了近年来电磁超材料(Metamaterial)的研究进展,并对其可应用于水面舰船总体电磁环境控制方面的潜在应用进行挖掘与探索,最后对未来水面舰船的雷达波隐身性设计和电磁兼容性设计的一体化解决方案进行了展望。     

高温高湿高盐环境雷达典型部件腐蚀分析

目的研究雷达典型部件长期工作在高温、高湿、高盐雾等环境下腐蚀情况的影响机理。方法提出在该环境下对雷达典型部件多场耦合的仿真计算方法,以计算流体动力学(CFD)软件FLUENT为平台,建立雷达典型部件的有限元模型,对雷达典型部件进行仿真模拟分析。结果得到了雷达典型部件的温度、湿度和盐度分布云图和综合环境腐蚀云图,从腐蚀云图可以看出,部件表面腐蚀程度在0.6 mm以上,腐蚀程度比较严重,仿真结果与实际检测结果较为吻合。从分布云图可知,单一的温度或盐度因素对部件表面的腐蚀情况影响较小,湿度对其影响较为显著。结论验证了仿真计算方法的合理性和正确性,为雷达典型部件的动力学仿真,为其腐蚀现象的进一步研究及预防提供了理论指导。     

RUNOFF SIMULATION USING RADAR RAINFALL DATA1

ABSTRACT: Rainfall data products generated with the national network of WSR-88D radars are an important new data source provided by the National Weather Service. Radar-based data include rainfall depth on an hourly basis for grid cells that are nominally 4 km square. The availability of such data enables application of improved techniques for rainfall-runoff simulation. A simple quasi-distributed approach that applies a linear runoff transform to grid-ded rainfall excess has been developed. The approach is an adaptation of the Clark conceptual runoff model, which employs translation and linear storage. Data development for, and results of, an initial application to a 4160 km² watershed in the Midwestern U.S. are illustrated.